White Papers and Technical Articles
Examples of use - lightning protection, surge protection, safety, grounding
General topics
- Adoption of IEC 62305 as the Basis for One Major U.S. Electric Utility’s Lightning Protection Standard. Gary T Brandon P.E., Lead Engineer, Duke Energy [0.3 MB].
- Exothermic Welding Problems Compared to Clamped Ground Connections [1.4 MB]
- A Comparison of NFPA 780 and IEC 62305 [1.9 MB]
- Surge Protective Device (SPD) requirements in accordance with the 2014 National Electrical Code (NFPA 70 – 2014, NEC) [1.9 MB]
- Blunt rod lightning protection advantages over nonconventional approaches [1.8 MB]
IT systems | Telecommunication systems
- Surge protection for KNX systems [1.9 MB]
- Surge protection for Ethernet and Fast Ethernet networks [1.7 MB]
- Surge protection for the M-bus [2.1 MB]
- Surge protection for PROFIBUS FMS, DP and PA [2.1 MB]
- Surge protection for telecommunication connections [2.5 MB]
- Protection of cell sites (4G, LTE) [3.7 MB]
- Surge protection for Local Operating Networks (LONs) [1.6 MB]
- Safety requirements for cable networks, remote signals, sound signals and interactive services [1.2 MB]
Power supply systems | Renewable energy
- Biogas:
Lightning and surge protection for biogas plants [4.6 MB] - Wind turbines:
Lightning and surge protection for wind turbines [5.1 MB]
Earth-termination system for concrete and hybrid towers of wind turbines [1.1 MB]
Earth-termination system for onshore wind turbines [2.1 MB] - PV:
Lightning and surge protection for rooftop photovoltaic systems [4.0 MB]
Lightning and surge protection for free field PV power plants [3.1 MB]
Safety systems | Security systems
- Surge protection for emergency alarm systems [1.7 MB]
- Surge protection for CCTV systems [1.9 MB]
- Surge protection for public address systems [1.7 MB]
- Surge protection for safety lighting systems [1.9 MB]
Transportation systems
- Lightning and surge protection for overhead gantries – Example: Motorway overhead gantry [2.5 MB]
- Surge protection for petrol stations [2.5 MB]
Buildings | Facilities | System technologies
- Surge protection for churches [2 MB]
- Surge protection for petrol stations [2.9 MB]
- Lightning and surge protection for single-family houses [2.0 MB]
- Retrofitting sewage plants with lightning and surge protection measures [2.9 MB]
- Surge protection for agricultural buildings [2.4 MB]
- Surge protection for churches [2.0 MB]
- Surge protection for LED mast lights [1.8 MB]
- Surge protection for light strips [1.8 MB]
- Surge protection for lifts [1.5 MB]
- Lightning and surge protection for outdoor lighting systems [1.7 MB]
- Surge protection for frequency converters [1.6 MB]
- Surge protection for gutter heating systems [1.1 MB]
- Surge protection for smoke and heat extraction systems [2.3 MB]
- Use of application-optimised type 1 combined arresters in low-voltage installations [1.9 MB]
Process industry
- Lightning protection systems for gas pressure control and measurement systems [4.9 MB]
- Lightning and surge protection for potentially explosive atmospheres [1.2 MB]
Sports grounds | Sports facilities
